Spain mandates 4-hour mobile backup

Spain is introducing a royal decree requiring major mobile operators to maintain network coverage for at least four hours during power outages. The rules apply to companies with over 500,000 users or €50 million in annual revenue. Coverage targets will phase in over three years, reaching 75% of the population.

Critical control centers must guarantee 24-hour operability, while intermediate facilities require 12 hours of backup to prevent communication collapses during blackouts.